Results - Technological Demonstration Centers (TDCs)

The TDC is located at the TUBITAK MARMARA RESEARCH CENTER (MRC) Campus in Gebze, Kocaeli.
Grey and black water were segregated and collected from lodging houses of the campus. Two buildings comprising total of 28 apartments were connected to separate holding tanks. Coarse and fine particles were removed with the screens placed in the holding tanks. A general view of TDC is shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1. General view of TDC at MRC

TDC layout

Different treatment technologies are applied to grey and black water treatment as seen in the basic scheme of the TDC in Figure 2.

Figure 2. Basic scheme of TDC at MRC

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Grey water

4 different technologies are assessed for the treatment of greywater as membrane bioreactor (MBR), sequencing batch reactor (SBR), rotating biological contactor (RBC) and constructed wetlands (CW).

The MBR used for grey water treatment have effective volume of 600L manufactured by BUSSE GmbH Company. It includes a submerged micro filtration plate and frame module (KUBOTA).

The SBR installed in the TDC has a total effective volume of 600L, manufactured by PONTOS GmbH . It consists of two serial tanks for biological reactions and a third tank for storage including UV disinfection.

The RBC process consists of discs with radial and concentric passages slowly rotating in a 4 serial tank and one settling tank for clarification. 

The CW systems used in the TDC consists horizontal flow and free water surface systems. The raw GW is first fed to the horizontal flow CW by gravity flow and then in the second step it flows to a free water surface CW system for disinfection.

Figure 3 shows different treatment technologies at TDC.

Figure 3. Different treatment technologies at TDC

Black water

2 different alternative technologies are assessed for the treatment of blackwater. One alternative is the MBR technology. The second alternative is combination of constructed wetlands with two stage anaerobic reactors as primary treatment stage.

The MBR used for blackwater treatment have effective volume of 600L manufactured by BUSSE GmbH Company. The MBR include a submerged micro filtration plate and frame module (KUBOTA).

Anaerobic treatment is designed as two stage system for the pre-treatment of blackwater. It consists of two anaerobic reactors in series and a reactor for settling. Later anaerobic pre-treated blackwater is fed first into the horizontal flow CW and then consecutive two vertical flow CW systems. Finally it ends up into the free water CW systems.

Figure 4 shows CWs for blackwater treatment.

Figure 4. Constructed wetlands for blackwater treatment (vertical flow, recently planted)

Rainwater Harvesting

Rainwater is collected from the 350 m 2 roof of the one lodging house building and 100 m 2 TDC housing building. A vortex type rainwater filter is used for the separation of coarse matters before the storage tank.

Re-use options

Reuse of treated wastewater for minor domestic purposes as flushing, garden watering but also crop irrigation or landscaping are planned. Moreover, as it is emphasized, rainwater harvesting and reuse options will be assessed in the TDC. For this purposes the final effluent flows are monitored continuosly by tipping buckets (see photos).

Monitoring results

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